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Abstract: Hybrid Raman/erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (HFAs) have been widely studied to increase the number of wavelength division multiplexing channels and the transmission capacity of wavelength-division-multiplexed (WDM) systems. Recently, it has also been shown that an optimum design of a dual-stage discreted Raman amplifier with improved optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) by taken into accout of fiber nonlinear impairments, amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) and double Rayleigh backscattering (DRB) noise.

In this presentation, a detailed model of a hybrid dual-stage Raman/erbium-doped fiber (EDF) amplifier is presented. This model takes into account the impact of DRB noise, ASE noise and kerr-nonlinearity induced impairments in the amplification process. Using this model, we present a comprehensive analysis of the operation of hybrid dual-stage Raman/EDF amplifiers under above impairments. We also show that under the optimum gain balance between the first and second stages of the amplifier, the variations in the OSNR are minimum when Raman gain is varied within operational limits.

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Revision r1.1 - 08 Nov 2004 - 23:10 GMT - AminDallaali
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